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Meanings Into Words | Unit-13 | Processes


 Meanings Into Words

(Upper-Intermediate)
STUDENT'S BOOK
HSEB
Class: XII
SCIENCE | MANAGEMENT | EDUCATION | ARTS

13.1 WHEN...

Q. Join the following remarks using when.
Rules:
  1. [When + you + V1 + Obj] , [you have to + V1 + obj]
  2. [When you have +V3 + obj] , [you + V1 + Obj]
1. arrive/border          -           show/passport
            When you arrive at the border, you have to show your passport.
            When you have shown your passport, you can go ahead.

2. water/boil                -           pour/teapot
            When you boil the water, you have to pour it into the teapot.
            When you have poured it into the teapot, you put some sugar in it.

3. turn off/light                       -           change/bulb
            When you turn off the light, you have to change the bulb.
            When you have changed the bulb, you turn on the light.

4. turn on/gas              -           light/gas
            When you turn on the gas, you have to light the gas.
            When you have lit the gas, you can cook your food.

5. meet/stranger                     -           shake/hands
            When you meet the stranger, you have to shake hands.
            When you have shook hands, you introduce yourself.

6. eat/meal                  -           pay/bill
            When you eat meal, you have to pay the bill.
            When you have paid the bill, you come out from the hotel

13.2 EMPHASISING THE RIGHT ORDER

We should put the work before which we have to do first. If the work is in wrong order we should replace it.
Rules: 
  • you should + first work + before +you second work.
  • You shouldn’t + second work + until + you have + V3 second work.
  • Otherwise + reason (sub + might +V1 +obj)
1. wind the film on/close the camera
            a) You should close the camera before you wind the film on.
            b) You shouldn’t wind the film on until you have closed the camera.
            c) Otherwise the film might be damaged.

2. wind the film on /take a picture
            a) You should wind the film on before you take a picture
            b) you should take a picture until you have wound the film on.
            c) Otherwise you might ruin the picture.

3. read the label/wash a blouse
            a) You should read the label before you wash a blouse.
            b) You shouldn’t wash a blouse, until you have read the label.
            c) Otherwise you might damage it.

4. turn off the mains/change the fuse
            a) You should turn off the mains before you change the fuse.
            b) You shouldn’t change the fuse until you have turned off the mains.
            c)  Otherwise you might get an electric shock.

5. pay the bill/check it
            a) You should check the bill before you pay it.
            b) You shouldn’t pay the bill until you have paid it.
            c) Otherwise you might pay more.

6. bandage a wound/ clean it
            a) You should clean a wound before you bandage it.
            b) You shouldn’t bandage a wound until you have cleaned it.
            c) Otherwise you might get an infection.

7. listen the weather forecast/go sailing
            a) You should listen the weather forecast, before you go siling.
             b) You shouldn’t go sailing until you have listened the weather forecast.
            c) Otherwise you might get weight.

8. Buy your girlfriend a ring/ask her to marry you
            a) You should ask your girlfriend to marry you before you buy her a ring.
            b) You shouldn’t buy your girlfriend a ring until you have asked her to marry you.
            c) Otherwise it might be useless.

13.4. NATURAL PROCESS

All the verbs describe the changes of state. Which of them are used for talking about:
  1. Changes in size?                = expand contract, shrink, stretch, swell
  2. Solids become liquids?     = melt, dissolve
  3. Liquids become solids?     = set, freeze,  congeal
  4. Liquids become gas?         = evaporate
  5. gases become liquid/         = condense
Expand,
contract,
 shrink,
 stretch,
 swell, melt,
dissolve,
 set,
freeze,
congeal,
 evaporate,
 condense
What happens when you…
1. Put a lump of ice in glass of lemonade.
     It melts.
2. leave a pullover in a hot water
            It shrinks
3. leave liquid cement on the ground.
            It sets
4. leave a bowl of water outside in the sun.
            It evaporates
5. leave a bowl of water outsides the south pole.
            It freezes
6. leave a bowl of hot water in front of a mirror.
            It condenses
7. put some lump of sugar in your coffee.
            It dissolves
8.blow into a balloon.
            It expands
9. pour cold water onto hot metal.    
            It contracts
10. leave rice in a bowl of water
            It swells
11. fill a bowl with blood and leave it.
            It congeals.

Composition (page 133)
Q. You are studying at a language school. Write a letter to a friend telling him/her what it is like.
Bhrikutinagar, Nepalgunj
Date: 10/01/2012

Dear Nisha,
            I got your kind letter yesterday and I became extremely happy knowing about your computer institute where you are studying. I’m going to write you about a language institute where I am learning English language.
            I think this Oasis Language Institute is the best institute of Nepalgunj. Only the experienced language instructors are there to teach us. They always tell us not to feel any hesitation to speak English whether it could be mistake while speaking. If we feel hesitation, we couldn’t speak it. They also focus on practice rather than the theory of English language. They use audio and visual teaching materials to teach us. Sometimes we have to talk with the tourists who come there. Sometimes the foreigners also take classes. Group discussion is basically focused to learn language. There is a good environment of learning English. I have been learning it for three months. I think I am improving my language than the past. I think I will be fluent in English with in six months. If you like to learn English, I’d like you to recommend this institute. I hope I will get your reply soon.
Yours lovely friend
Preeti


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